Platinum shield sheet metal processing method
1. Blanking:
Cutting is to cut the material into the desired shape according to the unfolding. There are many cutting methods, which can be divided into shearing, punching and laser cutting according to the type of machine tool and working principle.
1.1 Shearing - Cut the desired shape with shears. The accuracy can reach 0.2mm, which is mainly used for cutting strip or net material.
1.2 Punching and shearing cutting - cutting with numerical control machine (NC) or ordinary punching machine. The accuracy of the two cutting methods can reach 0.1mm, but the former will have knife marks when cutting, and the efficiency is relatively low. The latter has high efficiency but high single cost and is suitable for mass production.
1.3 Laser Cutting -- Laser cutting equipment is used to continuously cut sheets to achieve the desired shape of the material. It is characterized by high precision and very complex shape, but the processing cost is relatively high.
Sheet metal processing technology
Depending on the sheet metal structure, the process flow can be different, but generally does not exceed the following points.
1. Blanking: There are many methods of blanking, mainly as follows
① Shearing machine: It is a simple material, mainly used for die blanking and forming, with low cost and low precision of 0.2, but it can only process non-porous and corner-free strips or blocks.
② Punching machine: After using the punching machine to unfold the parts on the plate in one or more steps, the plate is cut into material parts of various shapes. Its advantages are short time-consuming, high efficiency, high precision and low cost. Suitable for mass production, but the mold should be designed.
③. NC CNC blanking, when NC blanking, the first thing to do is to write a CNC machining project, and use programming software to write the drawn unfolding into a program that can be recognized by the NC digital drawing machine, allowing it to gradually cut various shapes on the plate according to these programs. The flat plate, but its structure is affected by the tool structure, the cost is low, and the precision is high 0.15.
④ Laser cutting is to cut the structure and shape of the plate on a large plate by laser cutting. The NC laser program also needs to be written, and it can cut plates of various complex shapes, with high cost and high precision of 0.1.
⑤ Sawing machine: mainly use aluminum profiles, square tubes, drawing tubes, round bars, etc., with low cost and low precision.
The angle of the countersunk hole is generally 120°C, which is used for pulling rivets, and 90°C is used for countersunk head screws, which are used for tapping British bottom holes.
2. Flip: Also known as hole extraction and flip, it is to enter a slightly larger hole on a smaller base hole, and then tap it. It is mainly processed by sheet metal with a thinner plate thickness to increase its strength and thread ring to avoid sliding teeth , generally used for thin plate thickness, normal shallow turn around the hole, basically no change in thickness, when the thickness is allowed to be thinned by 30-40%, a height of 40-60% higher than the normal flanging height can be obtained. When it is 50%, a large flange height can be obtained. When the plate thickness is large, such as plate thickness above 2.0, 2.5, etc., it can be directly tapped.
3. Punching machine: The die forming process is adopted. Generally, the punching machine has processing methods such as punching, corner cutting, blanking, convex bag (bump), punching tearing, hole drawing, forming and other processing methods. The processing requires the corresponding die to complete the punching process. Hole blanking mold, convex bag mold, tearing mold, hole punching mold, forming mold, etc., mainly pay attention to the position and direction.
4. Riveting: As far as the company is concerned, riveting mainly includes riveting nuts, screws, loosening, etc. The operation is completed by hydraulic riveting machines or punches, riveted to sheet metal parts, and there are riveting methods, and attention should be paid to the direction.
5. Bend the 2D plate and fold it into a 3D part. Its processing needs to be completed with a folding bed and a corresponding folding mold, and there is also a certain folding sequence. The principle is to fold first, do not interfere with the next knife, and then fold.
l The number of bending strips is 6 times the thickness of the plate below T=3.0mm to calculate the slot width, such as: T=1.0, V=6.0 F=1.8, T=1.2, V=8, F=2.2, T=1.5, V =10, F=2.7, T=2.0, V=12, F=4.0
l Folding mold classification, straight knife, curved knife (80℃, 30℃)
l If there are cracks when the aluminum plate is bent, the width of the lower die groove can be increased, and the upper die R can be increased (annealing can avoid cracks)
l Precautions when bending: Ⅰ Drawings of sheet thickness and quantity required; Ⅱ Bending direction
Ⅲ Bending angle; Ⅳ Bending dimension; Ⅵ Appearance and chrome-plated parts shall not have creases.
The relationship between bending and riveting process is generally riveted first and then bent, but some materials will interfere with first pressing and then pressing, and some require bending-riveting and then bending and other processes.
①Classification: a Fusion welding: argon arc welding, CO2 welding, gas welding, manual welding
b Pressure welding: spot welding, butt welding, collision welding
c Brazing: chrome welding, copper wire
② Welding method: a CO2 gas shielded welding
b argon arc welding
c spot welding, etc.
d Robot welding
The choice of welding method depends on the actual requirements and materials. Generally speaking, gas shielded welding is used for CO2 iron plate welding; argon arc welding is used for stainless steel and aluminum plate welding. Robot welding can save man-hours, improve work efficiency and welding quality, and reduce work intensity.
③ Welding symbols: Δ fillet weld, Д, I-shaped welding, V-shaped welding, single-sided V-shaped welding (V), V-shaped welding with blunt edge (V), spot welding (O), plug welding or slot welding (∏) , crimp welding (χ), unilateral V-welding with blunt edge (V), U-shaped welding with blunt edge, J-shaped welding with blunt edge, back cover welding, butt welding
④ Arrow lines and connectors
⑤ Welding defects and preventive measures
Spot welding: If the strength is not enough, you can make bumps to impose a welding area
CO2 welding: high productivity, low energy consumption, low cost, strong rust resistance
TIG welding: depth of dissolution, slow dissolution rate, low efficiency, high production cost, and tungsten clip defects, but the welding quality is good, and it can weld non-ferrous metals such as aluminum, copper, and magnesium.
⑥ Reasons for welding deformation: insufficient preparation before welding, need to add fixtures
Poor welding treatment to improve the process
Bad welding sequence
⑦ Welding deformation correction method: flame correction method
vibration method
Hammering
artificial aging
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